From Field to Cloud: Building a Data Pipeline for Agriculture

The Agricultural Data Pipeline

Modern smart farming generates enormous volumes of data. A single 1,000-acre farm with comprehensive sensor coverage produces over 2 million data points per day.

Architecture Overview

Kbon's data pipeline follows a Lambda architecture:

1. Ingestion Layer — MQTT brokers receive sensor telemetry at the edge
2. Stream Processing — Apache Kafka streams for real-time alerting
3. Batch Processing — Spark jobs for historical analysis and model training
4. Serving Layer — PostgreSQL + TimescaleDB for fast time-series queries
5. Presentation — REST APIs serving the Kbon dashboard

Data Quality

Raw sensor data is noisy. Our pipeline includes automated quality checks:

• Outlier detection using isolation forests
• Missing value imputation
• Sensor drift calibration

Clean data leads to better decisions.